| bassAckward | 
The Bass-Ackward factoring algorithm discussed by Goldberg | 
| bassAckward.diagram | 
The Bass-Ackward factoring algorithm discussed by Goldberg | 
| Bechtoldt | 
Seven data sets showing a bifactor solution. | 
| Bechtoldt.1 | 
Seven data sets showing a bifactor solution. | 
| Bechtoldt.2 | 
Seven data sets showing a bifactor solution. | 
| bestItems | 
A bootstrap aggregation function for choosing most predictive unit weighted items | 
| bestScales | 
A bootstrap aggregation function for choosing most predictive unit weighted items | 
| bfi | 
25 Personality items representing 5 factors | 
| bfi.keys | 
25 Personality items representing 5 factors | 
| bi.bars | 
Draw pairs of bargraphs based on two groups | 
| bifactor | 
Perform Procustes,bifactor, promax or targeted rotations and return the inter factor angles. | 
| bigCor | 
Find large correlation matrices by stitching together smaller ones found more rapidly | 
| biplot.psych | 
Draw biplots of factor or component scores by factor or component loadings | 
| biquartimin | 
Perform Procustes,bifactor, promax or targeted rotations and return the inter factor angles. | 
| BISCUIT | 
A bootstrap aggregation function for choosing most predictive unit weighted items | 
| biscuit | 
A bootstrap aggregation function for choosing most predictive unit weighted items | 
| BISCWIT | 
A bootstrap aggregation function for choosing most predictive unit weighted items | 
| biscwit | 
A bootstrap aggregation function for choosing most predictive unit weighted items | 
| biserial | 
Tetrachoric, polychoric, biserial and polyserial correlations from various types of input | 
| block.random | 
Create a block randomized structure for n independent variables | 
| bock | 
Bock and Liberman (1970) data set of 1000 observations of the LSAT | 
| bock.lsat | 
Bock and Liberman (1970) data set of 1000 observations of the LSAT | 
| bock.table | 
Bock and Liberman (1970) data set of 1000 observations of the LSAT | 
| cattell | 
12 cognitive variables from Cattell (1963) | 
| cd.validity | 
Find Cohen d and confidence intervals | 
| char2numeric | 
Miscellaneous helper functions for the psych package | 
| Chen | 
12 variables created by Schmid and Leiman to show the Schmid-Leiman Transformation | 
| chi2r | 
Transformations of r, d, and t including Fisher r to z and z to r and confidence intervals | 
| circ.sim | 
Generate simulated data structures for circumplex, spherical, or simple structure | 
| circ.sim.plot | 
Simulations of circumplex and simple structure | 
| circ.simulation | 
Simulations of circumplex and simple structure | 
| circ.tests | 
Apply four tests of circumplex versus simple structure | 
| circadian.cor | 
Functions for analysis of circadian or diurnal data | 
| circadian.F | 
Functions for analysis of circadian or diurnal data | 
| circadian.linear.cor | 
Functions for analysis of circadian or diurnal data | 
| circadian.mean | 
Functions for analysis of circadian or diurnal data | 
| circadian.phase | 
Functions for analysis of circadian or diurnal data | 
| circadian.reliability | 
Functions for analysis of circadian or diurnal data | 
| circadian.sd | 
Functions for analysis of circadian or diurnal data | 
| circadian.stats | 
Functions for analysis of circadian or diurnal data | 
| circular.cor | 
Functions for analysis of circadian or diurnal data | 
| circular.mean | 
Functions for analysis of circadian or diurnal data | 
| cluster.cor | 
Find correlations of composite variables (corrected for overlap) from a larger matrix. | 
| cluster.fit | 
cluster Fit: fit of the cluster model to a correlation matrix | 
| cluster.loadings | 
Find item by cluster correlations, corrected for overlap and reliability | 
| cluster.plot | 
Plot factor/cluster loadings and assign items to clusters by their highest loading. | 
| cluster2keys | 
Convert a cluster vector (from e.g., kmeans) to a keys matrix suitable for scoring item clusters. | 
| cohen.d | 
Find Cohen d and confidence intervals | 
| cohen.d.by | 
Find Cohen d and confidence intervals | 
| cohen.d.ci | 
Find Cohen d and confidence intervals | 
| cohen.kappa | 
Find Cohen's kappa and weighted kappa coefficients for correlation of two raters | 
| cohen.profile | 
Matrix and profile congruences and distances | 
| comorbidity | 
Convert base rates of two diagnoses and their comorbidity into phi, Yule, and tetrachorics | 
| con2cat | 
Generate simulated data structures for circumplex, spherical, or simple structure | 
| congeneric.sim | 
Simulate a congeneric data set with or without minor factors | 
| congruence | 
Matrix and profile congruences and distances | 
| cor.ci | 
Bootstrapped and normal confidence intervals for raw and composite correlations | 
| cor.plot | 
Create an image plot for a correlation or factor matrix | 
| cor.plot.upperLowerCi | 
Create an image plot for a correlation or factor matrix | 
| cor.smooth | 
Smooth a non-positive definite correlation matrix to make it positive definite | 
| cor.smoother | 
Smooth a non-positive definite correlation matrix to make it positive definite | 
| cor.wt | 
The sample size weighted correlation may be used in correlating aggregated data | 
| cor2 | 
Miscellaneous helper functions for the psych package | 
| cor2cov | 
Transformations of r, d, and t including Fisher r to z and z to r and confidence intervals | 
| cor2dist | 
Convert correlations to distances (necessary to do multidimensional scaling of correlation data) | 
| corCi | 
Bootstrapped and normal confidence intervals for raw and composite correlations | 
| corFiml | 
Find a Full Information Maximum Likelihood (FIML) correlation or covariance matrix from a data matrix with missing data | 
| corPlot | 
Create an image plot for a correlation or factor matrix | 
| corPlotUpperLowerCi | 
Create an image plot for a correlation or factor matrix | 
| corr.p | 
Find the correlations, sample sizes, and probability values between elements of a matrix or data.frame. | 
| corr.test | 
Find the correlations, sample sizes, and probability values between elements of a matrix or data.frame. | 
| correct.cor | 
Find dis-attenuated correlations given correlations and reliabilities | 
| cortest | 
Chi square tests of whether a single matrix is an identity matrix, or a pair of matrices are equal. | 
| cortest.bartlett | 
Bartlett's test that a correlation matrix is an identity matrix | 
| cortest.jennrich | 
Chi square tests of whether a single matrix is an identity matrix, or a pair of matrices are equal. | 
| cortest.mat | 
Chi square tests of whether a single matrix is an identity matrix, or a pair of matrices are equal. | 
| cortest.normal | 
Chi square tests of whether a single matrix is an identity matrix, or a pair of matrices are equal. | 
| cosinor | 
Functions for analysis of circadian or diurnal data | 
| cosinor.period | 
Functions for analysis of circadian or diurnal data | 
| cosinor.plot | 
Functions for analysis of circadian or diurnal data | 
| count.pairwise | 
Count number of pairwise cases for a data set with missing (NA) data and impute values. | 
| crossValidation | 
Multiple Regression and Set Correlation from matrix or raw input | 
| crossValidationBoot | 
Multiple Regression and Set Correlation from matrix or raw input | 
| cs | 
Miscellaneous helper functions for the psych package | 
| cta | 
Simulate the C(ues) T(endency) A(ction) model of motivation | 
| cta.15 | 
Simulate the C(ues) T(endency) A(ction) model of motivation | 
| d.ci | 
Find Cohen d and confidence intervals | 
| d.robust | 
Find Cohen d and confidence intervals | 
| d2CL | 
Find Cohen d and confidence intervals | 
| d2OVL | 
Find Cohen d and confidence intervals | 
| d2OVL2 | 
Find Cohen d and confidence intervals | 
| d2r | 
Find Cohen d and confidence intervals | 
| d2t | 
Find Cohen d and confidence intervals | 
| d2U3 | 
Find Cohen d and confidence intervals | 
| densityBy | 
Create a 'violin plot' or density plot of the distribution of a set of variables | 
| describe | 
Basic descriptive statistics useful for psychometrics | 
| describe.by | 
Basic summary statistics by group | 
| describeBy | 
Basic summary statistics by group | 
| describeData | 
Basic descriptive statistics useful for psychometrics | 
| describeFast | 
Basic descriptive statistics useful for psychometrics | 
| dia.arrow | 
Helper functions for drawing path model diagrams | 
| dia.cone | 
Helper functions for drawing path model diagrams | 
| dia.curve | 
Helper functions for drawing path model diagrams | 
| dia.curved.arrow | 
Helper functions for drawing path model diagrams | 
| dia.ellipse | 
Helper functions for drawing path model diagrams | 
| dia.ellipse1 | 
Helper functions for drawing path model diagrams | 
| dia.rect | 
Helper functions for drawing path model diagrams | 
| dia.self | 
Helper functions for drawing path model diagrams | 
| dia.shape | 
Helper functions for drawing path model diagrams | 
| dia.triangle | 
Helper functions for drawing path model diagrams | 
| diagram | 
Helper functions for drawing path model diagrams | 
| directSl | 
Calculate McDonald's omega estimates of general and total factor saturation | 
| distance | 
Matrix and profile congruences and distances | 
| draw.cor | 
Draw a correlation ellipse and two normal curves to demonstrate tetrachoric correlation | 
| draw.tetra | 
Draw a correlation ellipse and two normal curves to demonstrate tetrachoric correlation | 
| dummy.code | 
Create dummy coded variables | 
| Dwyer | 
8 cognitive variables used by Dwyer for an example. | 
| fa | 
Exploratory Factor analysis using MinRes (minimum residual) as well as EFA by Principal Axis, Weighted Least Squares or Maximum Likelihood | 
| fa.congruence | 
Coefficient of factor congruence | 
| fa.diagram | 
Graph factor loading matrices | 
| fa.extend | 
Apply Dwyer's factor extension to find factor loadings for extended variables | 
| fa.extension | 
Apply Dwyer's factor extension to find factor loadings for extended variables | 
| fa.graph | 
Graph factor loading matrices | 
| fa.lookup | 
A set of functions for factorial and empirical scale construction | 
| fa.multi | 
Multi level (hierarchical) factor analysis | 
| fa.multi.diagram | 
Multi level (hierarchical) factor analysis | 
| fa.organize | 
Sort factor analysis or principal components analysis loadings | 
| fa.parallel | 
Scree plots of data or correlation matrix compared to random "parallel" matrices | 
| fa.parallel.poly | 
Scree plots of data or correlation matrix compared to random "parallel" matrices | 
| fa.plot | 
Plot factor/cluster loadings and assign items to clusters by their highest loading. | 
| fa.poly | 
Deprecated Exploratory Factor analysis functions.  Please use fa | 
| fa.pooled | 
Exploratory Factor analysis using MinRes (minimum residual) as well as EFA by Principal Axis, Weighted Least Squares or Maximum Likelihood | 
| fa.random | 
A first approximation to Random Effects Exploratory Factor Analysis | 
| fa.rgraph | 
Graph factor loading matrices | 
| fa.sapa | 
Exploratory Factor analysis using MinRes (minimum residual) as well as EFA by Principal Axis, Weighted Least Squares or Maximum Likelihood | 
| fa.sort | 
Sort factor analysis or principal components analysis loadings | 
| fa.stats | 
Find various goodness of fit statistics for factor analysis and principal components | 
| fa2irt | 
Item Response Analysis by Exploratory Factor Analysis of tetrachoric/polychoric correlations | 
| faBy | 
Find statistics (including correlations) within and between groups for basic multilevel analyses | 
| fac | 
Exploratory Factor analysis using MinRes (minimum residual) as well as EFA by Principal Axis, Weighted Least Squares or Maximum Likelihood | 
| faCor | 
Correlations between two factor analysis solutions | 
| factor.congruence | 
Coefficient of factor congruence | 
| factor.fit | 
How well does the factor model fit a correlation matrix. Part of the VSS package | 
| factor.minres | 
Deprecated Exploratory Factor analysis functions.  Please use fa | 
| factor.model | 
Find R = F F' + U2 is the basic factor model | 
| factor.pa | 
Deprecated Exploratory Factor analysis functions.  Please use fa | 
| factor.plot | 
Plot factor/cluster loadings and assign items to clusters by their highest loading. | 
| factor.residuals | 
R* = R- F F' | 
| factor.rotate | 
"Hand" rotate a factor loading matrix | 
| factor.scores | 
Various ways to estimate factor scores for the factor analysis model | 
| factor.stats | 
Find various goodness of fit statistics for factor analysis and principal components | 
| factor.wls | 
Deprecated Exploratory Factor analysis functions.  Please use fa | 
| factor2cluster | 
Extract cluster definitions from factor loadings | 
| faReg | 
Apply Dwyer's factor extension to find factor loadings for extended variables | 
| faRegression | 
Apply Dwyer's factor extension to find factor loadings for extended variables | 
| faRotate | 
Perform Procustes,bifactor, promax or targeted rotations and return the inter factor angles. | 
| faRotations | 
Multiple rotations of factor loadings to find local minima | 
| fisherz | 
Transformations of r, d, and t including Fisher r to z and z to r and confidence intervals | 
| fisherz2r | 
Transformations of r, d, and t including Fisher r to z and z to r and confidence intervals | 
| fparse | 
Parse and exten formula input from a model and return the DV, IV, and associated terms. | 
| fromTo | 
Miscellaneous helper functions for the psych package | 
| ICC | 
Intraclass Correlations (ICC1, ICC2, ICC3 from Shrout and Fleiss) | 
| ICLUST | 
iclust: Item Cluster Analysis - Hierarchical cluster analysis using psychometric principles | 
| iclust | 
iclust: Item Cluster Analysis - Hierarchical cluster analysis using psychometric principles | 
| ICLUST.cluster | 
Function to form hierarchical cluster analysis of items | 
| ICLUST.diagram | 
Draw an ICLUST hierarchical cluster structure diagram | 
| iclust.diagram | 
Draw an ICLUST hierarchical cluster structure diagram | 
| ICLUST.graph | 
create control code for ICLUST graphical output | 
| iclust.graph | 
create control code for ICLUST graphical output | 
| ICLUST.rgraph | 
Draw an ICLUST graph using the Rgraphviz package | 
| ICLUST.sort | 
Sort items by absolute size of cluster loadings | 
| iclust.sort | 
Sort items by absolute size of cluster loadings | 
| interbattery | 
Perform and Exploratory Structural Equation Model (ESEM) by using factor extension techniques | 
| interp.boxplot | 
Find the interpolated sample median, quartiles, or specific quantiles for a vector, matrix, or data frame | 
| interp.median | 
Find the interpolated sample median, quartiles, or specific quantiles for a vector, matrix, or data frame | 
| interp.q | 
Find the interpolated sample median, quartiles, or specific quantiles for a vector, matrix, or data frame | 
| interp.qplot.by | 
Find the interpolated sample median, quartiles, or specific quantiles for a vector, matrix, or data frame | 
| interp.quantiles | 
Find the interpolated sample median, quartiles, or specific quantiles for a vector, matrix, or data frame | 
| interp.quart | 
Find the interpolated sample median, quartiles, or specific quantiles for a vector, matrix, or data frame | 
| interp.quartiles | 
Find the interpolated sample median, quartiles, or specific quantiles for a vector, matrix, or data frame | 
| interp.values | 
Find the interpolated sample median, quartiles, or specific quantiles for a vector, matrix, or data frame | 
| irt.0p | 
Item Response Theory estimate of theta (ability) using a Rasch (like) model | 
| irt.1p | 
Item Response Theory estimate of theta (ability) using a Rasch (like) model | 
| irt.2p | 
Item Response Theory estimate of theta (ability) using a Rasch (like) model | 
| irt.discrim | 
Simple function to estimate item difficulties using IRT concepts | 
| irt.fa | 
Item Response Analysis by Exploratory Factor Analysis of tetrachoric/polychoric correlations | 
| irt.item.diff.rasch | 
Simple function to estimate item difficulties using IRT concepts | 
| irt.person.rasch | 
Item Response Theory estimate of theta (ability) using a Rasch (like) model | 
| irt.responses | 
Plot probability of multiple choice responses as a function of a latent trait | 
| irt.se | 
Find Item Response Theory (IRT) based scores for dichotomous or polytomous items | 
| irt.select | 
Item Response Analysis by Exploratory Factor Analysis of tetrachoric/polychoric correlations | 
| irt.stats.like | 
Find Item Response Theory (IRT) based scores for dichotomous or polytomous items | 
| irt.tau | 
Find Item Response Theory (IRT) based scores for dichotomous or polytomous items | 
| isCorrelation | 
Miscellaneous helper functions for the psych package | 
| isCovariance | 
Miscellaneous helper functions for the psych package | 
| item.dichot | 
Generate simulated data structures for circumplex, spherical, or simple structure | 
| item.lookup | 
A set of functions for factorial and empirical scale construction | 
| item.sim | 
Generate simulated data structures for circumplex, spherical, or simple structure | 
| item.validity | 
Find the predicted validities of a set of scales based on item statistics | 
| m2d | 
Find Cohen d and confidence intervals | 
| m2t | 
Find Cohen d and confidence intervals | 
| make.congeneric | 
Simulate a congeneric data set with or without minor factors | 
| make.hierarchical | 
Create a population or sample correlation matrix, perhaps with hierarchical structure. | 
| make.irt.stats | 
Find Item Response Theory (IRT) based scores for dichotomous or polytomous items | 
| make.keys | 
Create a keys matrix for use by score.items or cluster.cor | 
| makePositiveKeys | 
Create a keys matrix for use by score.items or cluster.cor | 
| manhattan | 
"Manhattan" plots of correlations with a set of criteria. | 
| MAP | 
Apply the Very Simple Structure, MAP, and other criteria to determine the appropriate number of factors. | 
| mardia | 
Calculate univariate or multivariate (Mardia's test) skew and kurtosis for a vector, matrix, or data.frame | 
| mat.regress | 
Multiple Regression and Set Correlation from matrix or raw input | 
| mat.sort | 
Sort the elements of a correlation matrix to reflect factor loadings | 
| matMult | 
Miscellaneous helper functions for the psych package | 
| matPlot | 
Multiple Regression and Set Correlation from matrix or raw input | 
| matReg | 
Multiple Regression and Set Correlation from matrix or raw input | 
| matrix.addition | 
A function to add two vectors or matrices | 
| matSort | 
Sort the elements of a correlation matrix to reflect factor loadings | 
| mediate | 
Estimate and display direct and indirect effects of mediators and moderator in path models | 
| mediate.diagram | 
Estimate and display direct and indirect effects of mediators and moderator in path models | 
| minkowski | 
Plot data and 1 and 2 sigma correlation ellipses | 
| misc | 
Miscellaneous helper functions for the psych package | 
| mixed.cor | 
Find correlations for mixtures of continuous, polytomous, and dichotomous variables | 
| mixedCor | 
Find correlations for mixtures of continuous, polytomous, and dichotomous variables | 
| mlArrange | 
Find and plot various reliability/gneralizability coefficients for multilevel data | 
| mlPlot | 
Find and plot various reliability/gneralizability coefficients for multilevel data | 
| mlr | 
Find and plot various reliability/gneralizability coefficients for multilevel data | 
| moderate.diagram | 
Estimate and display direct and indirect effects of mediators and moderator in path models | 
| mssd | 
Find von Neuman's Mean Square of Successive Differences | 
| multi.arrow | 
Helper functions for drawing path model diagrams | 
| multi.curved.arrow | 
Helper functions for drawing path model diagrams | 
| multi.hist | 
Multiple histograms with density and normal fits on one page | 
| multi.rect | 
Helper functions for drawing path model diagrams | 
| multi.self | 
Helper functions for drawing path model diagrams | 
| multilevel.reliability | 
Find and plot various reliability/gneralizability coefficients for multilevel data | 
| p.rep | 
Find the probability of replication for an F, t, or r and estimate effect size | 
| p.rep.f | 
Find the probability of replication for an F, t, or r and estimate effect size | 
| p.rep.r | 
Find the probability of replication for an F, t, or r and estimate effect size | 
| p.rep.t | 
Find the probability of replication for an F, t, or r and estimate effect size | 
| paired.r | 
Test the difference between (un)paired correlations | 
| pairs.panels | 
SPLOM, histograms and correlations for a data matrix | 
| pairwiseCount | 
Count number of pairwise cases for a data set with missing (NA) data and impute values. | 
| pairwiseCountBig | 
Count number of pairwise cases for a data set with missing (NA) data and impute values. | 
| pairwiseDescribe | 
Count number of pairwise cases for a data set with missing (NA) data and impute values. | 
| pairwiseImpute | 
Count number of pairwise cases for a data set with missing (NA) data and impute values. | 
| pairwisePlot | 
Count number of pairwise cases for a data set with missing (NA) data and impute values. | 
| pairwiseReport | 
Count number of pairwise cases for a data set with missing (NA) data and impute values. | 
| pairwiseSample | 
Count number of pairwise cases for a data set with missing (NA) data and impute values. | 
| pairwiseZero | 
Count number of pairwise cases for a data set with missing (NA) data and impute values. | 
| panel.cor | 
SPLOM, histograms and correlations for a data matrix | 
| panel.cor.scale | 
SPLOM, histograms and correlations for a data matrix | 
| panel.ellipse | 
SPLOM, histograms and correlations for a data matrix | 
| panel.hist | 
SPLOM, histograms and correlations for a data matrix | 
| panel.hist.density | 
SPLOM, histograms and correlations for a data matrix | 
| panel.lm | 
SPLOM, histograms and correlations for a data matrix | 
| panel.lm.ellipse | 
SPLOM, histograms and correlations for a data matrix | 
| panel.smoother | 
SPLOM, histograms and correlations for a data matrix | 
| parcels | 
Find miniscales (parcels) of size 2 or 3 from a set of items | 
| partial.r | 
Find the partial correlations for a set (x) of variables with set (y) removed. | 
| pca | 
Principal components analysis (PCA) | 
| phi | 
Find the phi coefficient of correlation between two dichotomous variables | 
| phi.demo | 
A simple demonstration of the Pearson, phi, and polychoric corelation | 
| phi.list | 
Create factor model matrices from an input list | 
| phi2poly | 
Convert a phi coefficient to a tetrachoric correlation | 
| phi2poly.matrix | 
Phi or Yule coefficient matrix to polychoric coefficient matrix | 
| phi2tetra | 
Convert a phi coefficient to a tetrachoric correlation | 
| Pinv | 
Compute the Moore-Penrose Pseudo Inverse of a matrix | 
| plot.irt | 
Plotting functions for the psych package of class "psych" | 
| plot.poly | 
Plotting functions for the psych package of class "psych" | 
| plot.poly.parallel | 
Scree plots of data or correlation matrix compared to random "parallel" matrices | 
| plot.psych | 
Plotting functions for the psych package of class "psych" | 
| plot.reliability | 
Reports 7 different estimates of scale reliabity including alpha, omega, split half | 
| plot.residuals | 
Plotting functions for the psych package of class "psych" | 
| pmi | 
Data set testing causal direction in presumed media influence | 
| polar | 
Convert Cartesian factor loadings into polar coordinates | 
| poly.mat | 
Tetrachoric, polychoric, biserial and polyserial correlations from various types of input | 
| polychor.matrix | 
Phi or Yule coefficient matrix to polychoric coefficient matrix | 
| polychoric | 
Tetrachoric, polychoric, biserial and polyserial correlations from various types of input | 
| polydi | 
Tetrachoric, polychoric, biserial and polyserial correlations from various types of input | 
| polyserial | 
Tetrachoric, polychoric, biserial and polyserial correlations from various types of input | 
| predict.psych | 
Prediction function for factor analysis, principal components (pca), bestScales | 
| predicted.validity | 
Find the predicted validities of a set of scales based on item statistics | 
| principal | 
Principal components analysis (PCA) | 
| print.psych | 
Print and summary functions for the psych class | 
| Procrustes | 
Perform Procustes,bifactor, promax or targeted rotations and return the inter factor angles. | 
| progressBar | 
Miscellaneous helper functions for the psych package | 
| Promax | 
Perform Procustes,bifactor, promax or targeted rotations and return the inter factor angles. | 
| protest | 
Data from the sexism (protest) study of Garcia, Schmitt, Branscome, and Ellemers (2010) | 
| psych | 
A package for personality, psychometric, and psychological research | 
| psych.misc | 
Miscellaneous helper functions for the psych package | 
| r.con | 
Transformations of r, d, and t including Fisher r to z and z to r and confidence intervals | 
| r.test | 
Tests of significance for correlations | 
| r2c | 
Transformations of r, d, and t including Fisher r to z and z to r and confidence intervals | 
| r2chi | 
Transformations of r, d, and t including Fisher r to z and z to r and confidence intervals | 
| r2d | 
Find Cohen d and confidence intervals | 
| r2t | 
Transformations of r, d, and t including Fisher r to z and z to r and confidence intervals | 
| radar | 
Make "radar" or "spider" plots. | 
| rangeCorrection | 
Correct correlations for restriction of range. (Thorndike Case 2) | 
| reflect | 
Miscellaneous helper functions for the psych package | 
| Reise | 
Seven data sets showing a bifactor solution. | 
| reliability | 
Reports 7 different estimates of scale reliabity including alpha, omega, split half | 
| rescale | 
Function to convert scores to "conventional " metrics | 
| resid.psych | 
Extract residuals from various psych objects | 
| residuals.psych | 
Extract residuals from various psych objects | 
| response.frequencies | 
Score item composite scales and find Cronbach's alpha, Guttman lambda 6 and item whole correlations | 
| responseFrequency | 
Score item composite scales and find Cronbach's alpha, Guttman lambda 6 and item whole correlations | 
| reverse.code | 
Reverse the coding of selected items prior to scale analysis | 
| RMSEA | 
Root Mean Squared Error of Approximation from chisq, df, and n | 
| rmssd | 
Find von Neuman's Mean Square of Successive Differences | 
| SAPAfy | 
Miscellaneous helper functions for the psych package | 
| sat.act | 
3 Measures of ability: SATV, SATQ, ACT | 
| scaling.fits | 
Test the adequacy of simple choice, logistic, or Thurstonian scaling. | 
| scatter.hist | 
Draw a scatter plot with associated X and Y histograms, densities and correlation | 
| scatterHist | 
Draw a scatter plot with associated X and Y histograms, densities and correlation | 
| Schmid | 
12 variables created by Schmid and Leiman to show the Schmid-Leiman Transformation | 
| schmid | 
Apply the Schmid Leiman transformation to a correlation matrix | 
| schmid.leiman | 
12 variables created by Schmid and Leiman to show the Schmid-Leiman Transformation | 
| score.alpha | 
Score scales and find Cronbach's alpha as well as associated statistics | 
| score.irt | 
Find Item Response Theory (IRT) based scores for dichotomous or polytomous items | 
| score.irt.2 | 
Find Item Response Theory (IRT) based scores for dichotomous or polytomous items | 
| score.irt.poly | 
Find Item Response Theory (IRT) based scores for dichotomous or polytomous items | 
| score.items | 
Score item composite scales and find Cronbach's alpha, Guttman lambda 6 and item whole correlations | 
| score.multiple.choice | 
Score multiple choice items and provide basic test statistics | 
| scoreBy | 
Find correlations of composite variables (corrected for overlap) from a larger matrix. | 
| scoreFast | 
Score item composite scales and find Cronbach's alpha, Guttman lambda 6 and item whole correlations | 
| scoreIrt | 
Find Item Response Theory (IRT) based scores for dichotomous or polytomous items | 
| scoreIrt.1pl | 
Find Item Response Theory (IRT) based scores for dichotomous or polytomous items | 
| scoreIrt.2pl | 
Find Item Response Theory (IRT) based scores for dichotomous or polytomous items | 
| scoreItems | 
Score item composite scales and find Cronbach's alpha, Guttman lambda 6 and item whole correlations | 
| scoreOverlap | 
Find correlations of composite variables (corrected for overlap) from a larger matrix. | 
| scoreVeryFast | 
Score item composite scales and find Cronbach's alpha, Guttman lambda 6 and item whole correlations | 
| scoreWtd | 
Score items using regression or correlation based weights | 
| scree | 
Plot the successive eigen values for a scree test | 
| scrub | 
A utility for basic data cleaning and recoding.  Changes values outside of minimum and maximum limits to NA. | 
| SD | 
Find the Standard deviation for a vector, matrix, or data.frame - do not return error if there are no cases | 
| selectFromKeys | 
Create a keys matrix for use by score.items or cluster.cor | 
| sem.diagram | 
Draw a structural equation model specified by two measurement models and a structural model | 
| sem.graph | 
Draw a structural equation model specified by two measurement models and a structural model | 
| Sensitivity | 
Decision Theory measures of specificity, sensitivity, and d prime | 
| set.cor | 
Multiple Regression and Set Correlation from matrix or raw input | 
| setCor | 
Multiple Regression and Set Correlation from matrix or raw input | 
| setCor.diagram | 
Multiple Regression and Set Correlation from matrix or raw input | 
| setCorLookup | 
A set of functions for factorial and empirical scale construction | 
| shannon | 
Miscellaneous helper functions for the psych package | 
| sim | 
Functions to simulate psychological/psychometric data. | 
| sim.anova | 
Simulate a 3 way balanced ANOVA or linear model, with or without repeated measures. | 
| sim.bonds | 
Create a population or sample correlation matrix, perhaps with hierarchical structure. | 
| sim.circ | 
Generate simulated data structures for circumplex, spherical, or simple structure | 
| sim.congeneric | 
Simulate a congeneric data set with or without minor factors | 
| sim.correlation | 
Create correlation matrices or data matrices with a particular measurement and structural model | 
| sim.dichot | 
Generate simulated data structures for circumplex, spherical, or simple structure | 
| sim.general | 
Further functions to simulate psychological/psychometric data. | 
| sim.hierarchical | 
Create a population or sample correlation matrix, perhaps with hierarchical structure. | 
| sim.irt | 
Functions to simulate psychological/psychometric data. | 
| sim.item | 
Generate simulated data structures for circumplex, spherical, or simple structure | 
| sim.minor | 
Functions to simulate psychological/psychometric data. | 
| sim.multi | 
Simulate multilevel data with specified within group and between group correlations | 
| sim.multilevel | 
Simulate multilevel data with specified within group and between group correlations | 
| sim.npl | 
Functions to simulate psychological/psychometric data. | 
| sim.npn | 
Functions to simulate psychological/psychometric data. | 
| sim.omega | 
Further functions to simulate psychological/psychometric data. | 
| sim.parallel | 
Further functions to simulate psychological/psychometric data. | 
| sim.poly | 
Functions to simulate psychological/psychometric data. | 
| sim.poly.ideal | 
Functions to simulate psychological/psychometric data. | 
| sim.poly.ideal.npl | 
Functions to simulate psychological/psychometric data. | 
| sim.poly.ideal.npn | 
Functions to simulate psychological/psychometric data. | 
| sim.poly.mat | 
Functions to simulate psychological/psychometric data. | 
| sim.poly.npl | 
Functions to simulate psychological/psychometric data. | 
| sim.poly.npn | 
Functions to simulate psychological/psychometric data. | 
| sim.rasch | 
Functions to simulate psychological/psychometric data. | 
| sim.simplex | 
Functions to simulate psychological/psychometric data. | 
| sim.spherical | 
Generate simulated data structures for circumplex, spherical, or simple structure | 
| sim.structural | 
Create correlation matrices or data matrices with a particular measurement and structural model | 
| sim.structure | 
Create correlation matrices or data matrices with a particular measurement and structural model | 
| sim.VSS | 
create VSS like data | 
| simCor | 
Create correlation matrices or data matrices with a particular measurement and structural model | 
| simulation.circ | 
Simulations of circumplex and simple structure | 
| skew | 
Calculate univariate or multivariate (Mardia's test) skew and kurtosis for a vector, matrix, or data.frame | 
| smc | 
Find the Squared Multiple Correlation (SMC) of each variable with the remaining variables in a matrix | 
| Specificity | 
Decision Theory measures of specificity, sensitivity, and d prime | 
| spider | 
Make "radar" or "spider" plots. | 
| splitHalf | 
Alternative estimates of test reliabiity | 
| statsBy | 
Find statistics (including correlations) within and between groups for basic multilevel analyses | 
| statsBy.boot | 
Find statistics (including correlations) within and between groups for basic multilevel analyses | 
| statsBy.boot.summary | 
Find statistics (including correlations) within and between groups for basic multilevel analyses | 
| structure.diagram | 
Draw a structural equation model specified by two measurement models and a structural model | 
| structure.graph | 
Draw a structural equation model specified by two measurement models and a structural model | 
| structure.list | 
Create factor model matrices from an input list | 
| structure.sem | 
Draw a structural equation model specified by two measurement models and a structural model | 
| summary.psych | 
Print and summary functions for the psych class | 
| super.matrix | 
Form a super matrix from two sub matrices. | 
| superCor | 
Form a super matrix from two sub matrices. | 
| superMatrix | 
Form a super matrix from two sub matrices. | 
| t2d | 
Find Cohen d and confidence intervals | 
| t2r | 
Transformations of r, d, and t including Fisher r to z and z to r and confidence intervals | 
| table2df | 
Convert a table with counts to a matrix or data.frame representing those counts. | 
| table2matrix | 
Convert a table with counts to a matrix or data.frame representing those counts. | 
| tableF | 
Miscellaneous helper functions for the psych package | 
| Tal.Or | 
Data set testing causal direction in presumed media influence | 
| Tal_Or | 
Data set testing causal direction in presumed media influence | 
| target.rot | 
Perform Procustes,bifactor, promax or targeted rotations and return the inter factor angles. | 
| TargetQ | 
Perform Procustes,bifactor, promax or targeted rotations and return the inter factor angles. | 
| TargetT | 
Perform Procustes,bifactor, promax or targeted rotations and return the inter factor angles. | 
| tctg | 
Data set testing causal direction in presumed media influence | 
| tenberge | 
Alternative estimates of test reliabiity | 
| test.all | 
Miscellaneous helper functions for the psych package | 
| test.irt | 
A simple demonstration (and test) of various IRT scoring algorthims. | 
| test.psych | 
Testing of functions in the psych package | 
| testReliability | 
Find various test-retest statistics, including test, person and item reliability | 
| testRetest | 
Find various test-retest statistics, including test, person and item reliability | 
| tetrachor | 
Tetrachoric, polychoric, biserial and polyserial correlations from various types of input | 
| tetrachoric | 
Tetrachoric, polychoric, biserial and polyserial correlations from various types of input | 
| Thurstone | 
Seven data sets showing a bifactor solution. | 
| thurstone | 
Thurstone Case V scaling | 
| Thurstone.33 | 
Seven data sets showing a bifactor solution. | 
| Thurstone.33G | 
Seven data sets showing a bifactor solution. | 
| Thurstone.9 | 
Seven data sets showing a bifactor solution. | 
| topBottom | 
Combine calls to head and tail | 
| tr | 
Find the trace of a square matrix | 
| Tucker | 
9 Cognitive variables discussed by Tucker and Lewis (1973) | 
| Yule | 
From a two by two table, find the Yule coefficients of association, convert to phi, or tetrachoric, recreate table the table to create the Yule coefficient. | 
| Yule.inv | 
From a two by two table, find the Yule coefficients of association, convert to phi, or tetrachoric, recreate table the table to create the Yule coefficient. | 
| Yule2phi | 
From a two by two table, find the Yule coefficients of association, convert to phi, or tetrachoric, recreate table the table to create the Yule coefficient. | 
| Yule2phi.matrix | 
Phi or Yule coefficient matrix to polychoric coefficient matrix | 
| Yule2poly | 
From a two by two table, find the Yule coefficients of association, convert to phi, or tetrachoric, recreate table the table to create the Yule coefficient. | 
| Yule2poly.matrix | 
Phi or Yule coefficient matrix to polychoric coefficient matrix | 
| Yule2tetra | 
From a two by two table, find the Yule coefficients of association, convert to phi, or tetrachoric, recreate table the table to create the Yule coefficient. | 
| YuleBonett | 
From a two by two table, find the Yule coefficients of association, convert to phi, or tetrachoric, recreate table the table to create the Yule coefficient. | 
| YuleCor | 
From a two by two table, find the Yule coefficients of association, convert to phi, or tetrachoric, recreate table the table to create the Yule coefficient. |